I. Basic Information
Generic Name: Semaglutide
Type: GLP-1 receptor agonist (long-acting glucagon-like peptide-1 analog)
Routine of Administration: Subcutaneous injection (once weekly)
II. Indications and Domestic Approval Status
Approved Indications
Type 2 Diabetes Treatment (Approved by the NMPA):
Dosage: 0.5 mg or 1.0 mg, once weekly.
Actions: Regulates blood glucose and reduces cardiovascular risk.
Obesity/Overweight Treatment
III. Mechanism of Action and Efficacy
Core Mechanism: Activates GLP-1 receptors, delays gastric emptying, and increases satiety.
Acts on the hypothalamic appetite center, inhibiting appetite.
Improves insulin sensitivity and regulates metabolism.
Weight Loss Efficacy (Based on international clinical trials):
Average weight loss over 68 weeks: 15%-20% (in conjunction with lifestyle interventions).
Non-diabetic patients (BMI ≥ 30 or ≥ 27 with complications):
Diabetic patients: Slightly lower weight loss effect (approximately 5%-10%).
IV. Applicable Population and Contraindications
Applicable Population
International Standards (refer to WHO):
BMI ≥ 30 (obese);
BMI ≥ 27 with hypertension, diabetes, or other metabolic diseases (overweight).
Domestic Practice: Requires physician evaluation; currently mainly used for weight management in diabetic patients.
Contraindications
Personal or family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC);
Multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 2 (MEN2);
Pregnant or lactating women;
Severe gastrointestinal diseases (such as a history of pancreatitis).
V. Side Effects and Risks
Common side effects (incidence > 10%):
Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation (reduced with prolonged use).
Decreased appetite, fatigue.
Serious Risks:
Thyroid C-cell tumors (risks shown in animal studies, not yet clear in humans);
Pancreatitis, gallbladder disease;
Hypoglycemia (caution required when used in combination with other hypoglycemic agents).
VI. Current Usage in China
Obtaining Methods:
Diabetes Treatment: Prescription from a regular hospital.
Weight Loss Treatment: Requires strict evaluation by a doctor; some tertiary hospitals’ endocrinology departments can prescribe it.
Risks from Unofficial Channels: Drugs purchased through unofficial channels may be counterfeit or improperly stored, posing safety risks.
VII. Usage Recommendations
Strictly Follow Doctor’s Prescription: Use only after a doctor assesses metabolic indicators and family medical history.
Combined Lifestyle Intervention: Medication needs to be combined with diet control and exercise to achieve optimal results.
Long-Term Monitoring: Regularly check thyroid function, pancreatic enzymes, and liver and kidney function.
Post time: Nov-03-2025